RESEARCH PAPER

EAP2 075 Writer’s Workshop
Name : Sungjun Ha
To : Heidi R Wright

Take The Social Responsibility for more accomplishments!

I would like to submit this paper as my research paper on October 5, 2007.

Abstract

This paper is dealing with the reasons of corporate social responsibility. All enterprises must take social responsibility for successful business. There are four reasons that taking social accountability is a method which the company can overcome its restrictions; also, it is one of strategies to advertise brands and products. Moreover, taking social responsibility of enterprises is good investment in potential customers and has the morality retaining the velue of the enterprise. Accordingly, all enterprises have to take social responsibility.

Take The Social Responsibility for more accomplishments!

Thesis : Enterprises should take social responsibility for their successful business.

I. Introduction

A. Charity Organization Society took social responsibility in order to actualize religious precepts in 19th C.

B. The reasons of taking corporate social responsibility is not given but selected by the enterprise.

C. All companies have to take social responsibility.
1. It is a means of defeating limitations of the enterprise.
2. It is good strategy of advertising brands or goods and services.
3. It is a kind of investment in potential consumers or new markets.
4. It gives companies the morality keeping the value of enterprises.

II. Background
A. Definition
1. The socially pathological phenomena must be taken care of and be declined by public efforts because they do not originate from particular group or people but are made by the socially structural inconsistency
B. How to take social responsibility.
1. BROWN gave us a example about Toyota and MicroSoft company.
2. Hooker 2006) stated that Coca-Cola’s recycling plastic bottles is good social responsibility and Marks & Spencer lately remake new plan about carbon neutral future.
c. When does it appear?
1. Jardine stated that the company had interested in social accountability about 10 years ago and today it is one of the main issues for the business.

III. arguments
A. The social accountability of the enterprise is regarded as one of the strategies for business to overcome limitations.
1. All companies should either sell their goods or provide services with some danger in order to make more profit margin
a. Vehicles and chemical goods help us to have many conveniences; however, they may cause us to be harmful.
b. The incident, occurring in Virginia Tech, is caused by fighting video games.
2. The enterprise ought to show people its personality in order to overcome its restrictions.
a. Humans and companies have the personality.
b. Companies show people to take social responsibility in order to make good image.
B. Taking social responsibility of the enterprise is a good management strategy for advertising brands and products.
1. All donations and contributions are known in order that they are fair in public.
a. Almost of most developed countries have a public organization like United Way of America.
b. These organizations report their activities annually.
c. Gilmore 2006), wrote that most customers recognize the enterprise or product according to its image.
2. Hiring the disabled is one of the strategies to take social responsibility as well as to enhance the productivity.
a. In the United States, the goods and services made by the disabled have priority in procurement
b. Many large enterprises in Japan like Honda and Sonni operate special workplaces for the disabled.
C. Taking social accountability of the company is good investment in potential customers and new markets.
1. Many companies take social responsibility in order to make new markets.
a. The article whose title is “Dealing with multinationals”, “the social accountability of enterprises is one of the strategies to be friendly with new markets.
2. Taking corporate social responsibility gives the inside of enterprises diverse benefits.
a. Hooker (2007) in his own article said “being good for a business' financial health, those questioned said that CSR also helped to promote a healthy and happier work force. Twenty three percent said that a good CSR policy reduced absences, 49%”(p. 38).
D. The enterprises must take social responsibility for those morality.
1. Enterprises is like people.
a. The company can have properties and bank accounts like humans.
b. The morality of the enterprise is one of factors which determine economical value of the company.
2. Today most companies is not personal possession.
a. The morality is a factor that shareholders determine whether to have stocks continuously or not.
b. Goodyear (2006) wrote that “according to Milton Friedman’s stockholder theory in past, business could make money maximized; however, recently shareholders must be interested in relationship with community in which the corporate is operated”(para. 1).
c. S&P and Moodies, famous companies for confidence evaluation of enterprises and nations, evaluate to take social responsibility as a part of their reports for enterprises.
E. The social responsibility of enterprises makes companies decline to grow up.
1. It happens to waste money and resources.
2. Many facts let us know that it is not true.
3. According to the article of which title is “The issue explained”, “The UK already has hundreds of successful social enterprises, so it is increasingly seen as a viable business model”(2006, p. 8).
4. Taking social accountability does not make the company waste money and resources but also helps to succeed in its business.

IV. Conclusion
A. The social responsibility is not given to the company. It is selected just as a part of management. There are four reasons: first, it is selected as one of the strategies for business to overcome restrictions; secondly, it has already become a kind of good investment in potential customers and new markets; finally, taking corporate social responsibility can help the company to be moral.
B. After all, it is chosen as a sort of the strategy to enhance the value of enterprises by entreprenures.
C. The concept of companies alter personal possession into social possession.

In 19th century that noble families and royal families possessed most capital, the Charity Organization Society(COS) was composed of women of the wealthy family and the noble family wanting to contribute to realize religious precepts. The Charity Organization Society was a association which helped the poor get rid of their poverty. The Charity Organization Society determined to relieve the poor by friendly visitors who are today regarded as social workers. However, today that enterprises have most capital, the company struggles to contribute its money or resources in order to take social responsibility. If so, why does the enterprise have thus social responsibility? Properly, the enterprise not only has essential responsibility but also must struggle to take social responsibility because the social responsibility of enterprise is considered a part of management strategies to conquer contradictions between the company and society, is a type of investment in potential consumers and is a means of advertising brands or products indirectly; also, taking social responsibility makes the enterprise establish the morality which is very important factor to maintain the value of companies.

Generally, social responsibility is defined that “the social problems or the socially pathological phenomena must be taken care of and be declined by public efforts because they do not originate from particular group or people but are made by the socially structural inconsistency such as economical inequality or racial and/or social discrimination or social complication among levels”( Social responsibility, n.d.). Brown (2006), a writer in the New York Times, gives us a example of “Toyota's decision to respond to concerns about automobile emissions by creating the Prius, a hybrid electric/gasoline vehicle, and Microsoft's $50 million five-year commitment to community colleges. Currently, the authors point out, the information technology curriculum at community colleges is not standardized, classroom technology is often outdated, ''and there are no systematic professional development programs to keep faculty up to date.''Solving those problems clearly helps Microsoft as well as the schools”(p. 5). Also, Hooker (2006), mentioned “Coca-Cola is currently dipping its toe into environmental pursuits through a series of trials to investigate the possibility of using recycled plastic in their bottles. This departure could end up costing the firm money, but the decision makers at the drinks giant know that the positive coverage of the venture, and the goodwill it will forge with their customers, far outweighs the financial outlay Similarly, Virgin has invested pounds 3bn into its own CSR plans, and Marks & Spencer also recently revealed an ambitious vision for a carbon neutral future”(p. 38). Thus social responsibility of the enterprise is not much historical background. According to Jardine (2006), “Consumers trust or distrust brands for many different reasons. A few decades ago, a company's ethical or social behaviour may not have been an important consideration, but today it is a crucial factor in how they are perceived. Over the past 10 years”(para. 1). Like this, corporate social responsibility(CSR) become a big issue of the business lately as one of the investment strategies in advance.

First, the social accountability of the enterprise is regarded as one of the strategies for business to overcome limitations. All companies should either sell their goods or provide services in order to make more profit margin. By the way, most of them are extremely connected to our live. For example, several vehicles or chemical substances give us various conveniences but in some cases, they may cause us to be hurt. Actually, hundreds and thousands of people are killed by car accidents and others have difficulty in daily life because of the various pollution originating from the industrialization. Also, we never forget a incident happening to Virginia Tech in this year. Many specialists claim that fighting video games make humans become cruel. Like this, all enterprises may sell their goods and services with potential danger hurting our lives. Because of this reason many enterprises are struggling to solve problems originating from their goods and services. Moreover, the enterprise ought to show people its personality in order to make people consent to its business; but, its personality cannot be seen since it is like a person. In humans personality is seen through behaviors among people. About the similarity the enterprise also can show its personality through taking social accountability. For instance, we may think a person has good personality if the person helped young child to avoid dangerous place several times. Like this, if the company showed us to contribute much money annually, we have good image about the company. Thus good personality should help the company to begin to new business easily. Accordingly, many companies must take their social accountabilities to defeat restrictions in their business.

Next, taking social responsibility of the enterprise is a good management strategy for advertising brands and products. Actually, all donations and contributions are known in order that they are fair in public. Because of this reason, the common chest like United Way of America, a public organization to collect donations and to distribute them, is established in almost of most developed countries. For example, the United Way of America has to report amount of donations and contributions and amount of their outlay every year. In result, the company, contributing its money or resources to the society, can make good brand image because it is often known as a enterprise that shares its possessions with neighbors. According to the article, Gilmore 2006), “A recent study by the ERSC Centre for Business Relationships, Accountability, Sustainability and Society at Cardiff University found that consumers expect large companies with recognisable brands to have impeccable environmental and social credentials. Their brand image could suffer if they do not”(p. 63). For example, Ben and Jerry's ice cream company having a lot of workers with disabilities is known for its goods as well as socially responsible activities. Moreover, hiring the disabled as one of the business strategies has more or less advantages to merchandise them. In fact, the government of the United States gives qualified companies the priority for procurement. According to JWOD(Javits Waggner O. Day) act (1994), “the qualified company is 1) the nonprofit agency complying with available place of the task verified health and safety standard by minister of labor and making goods and services which the disabled participate in the process of producing and providing”(no author, 1994). As a matter of fact, in Japan, many large enterprises such as Honda and Sonni establish the workplace for the disabled as one of ways to take social responsibility and these activities are effective to improve the images of their goods and services. Consequently, companies can advertise their goods and services through taking their social responsibilities. Therefore, taking corporate social responsibility is the best strategy to get better image.

Furthermore, taking social accountability of the company is good investment in potential customers and new markets. In fact, many enterprises are trying to expand new marketplace so that they can compete hardly. Also, many companies constantly make an effort to survive in new market. According to the article whose title is “Dealing with multinationals”, “the social accountability of enterprises generally means that the foreign company must be friendly with the domestic enterprise and other group in a responsible way”(2007, para. 4). In other words, because all people are properly strange to new company or goods and services, the enterprise need to be friendly with people living in the new marketplace. Because of this reason, the company, wanting to go to new markets, should take social accountability in foreign nations as one of the investment strategies. Thus new means of investment for new market is more effective strategy than competition between foreign and domestic corporates. Also, taking corporate social responsibility gives the inside of enterprises diverse benefits. Hooker (2007) in his own article said “being good for a business' financial health, those questioned said that CSR also helped to promote a healthy and happier work force. Twenty three percent said that a good CSR policy reduced absences, 49%”(p. 38). That is to say, taking social accountability is good at the outside as well as inside of the company. So, the enterprise need to consider taking social responsibility as a good investment strategiy.

Finally, the enterprises must take social responsibility for those morality. Today the enterprise maybe similar to the human since it can behave like people. It can have properties and bank accounts. Thus company also can have the morality. If so, why is the morality important to enterprise? That is because the morality is a significant sector of value of the enterprise. Today the enterprise is not just one person's possession but all shareholder's. In thus enterprise, the morality is a factor that shareholders determine whether to have stocks continuously or not. In fact, many stockholders decide to keep or sell their stocks according to the information about the enterprise such as news, auditing reports, several economical indexes and consulting reports. Thus information consists of diverse sectors: accomplishments, brand images and vision of the business and corporate social responsibility influence certainly on these sectors. Goodyear (2006) wrote that “according to Milton Friedman’s stockholder theory in past, business could make money maximized; however, recently shareholders must be interested in relationship with community in which the corporate is operated”(para. 1). It means that the enterprise has to take social accountability as important as makes a lot of money for its shareholders. For example, S&P and Moodies, famous companies for confidence evaluation of enterprises and nations, evaluate to take social responsibility as a part of their reports for enterprises. Similarly, the company must take social accountability for its morality because it is a shorter way enhancing its value and improving its image.

On the contrary, the social responsibility of enterprises makes companies decline to grow up since it happens to waste money and resources. However, many facts let us know that it is not true. According to the article of which title is “The issue explained”, “The UK already has hundreds of successful social enterprises, so it is increasingly seen as a viable business model”(2006, p. 8). It means that many enterprise already choose the socially responsible plans as a model of businesses. In order words, taking social accountability does not make the company waste money and resources but also helps to succeed in its business. Therefore, today the enterprise should take its social responsibility for successful business. Therefore, the social accountability of enterprises is a necessary term to succeed in the business.

In conclusion, the social responsibility is not given to the company. It is selected just as a part of management. There are four reasons: first, it is selected as one of the strategies for business to overcome restrictions; secondly, it has already become a kind of good investment in potential customers and new markets; finally, taking corporate social responsibility can help the company to be moral. After all, it is chosen as a sort of the strategy to enhance the value of enterprises by entreprenures. After all, today business might make the enterprise to create values through taking social responsibility. Thisis, in past the purpose of companies is to earn more money; however, today it changes into maintain the value of the enterprise. This is because the concept of companies alter personal possession into social possession.

References

Brown, P (December 23, 2006), Strategic corporate altruism. The New York Times. p. 5. Retrieved September 26, 2007, from Lexis Nexis.

Dealing with Multinationals (March 12, 2007), China Daily Source: Financial Times Information Limited. para. 4. Retrieved September 23, 2007, from Lexis Nexis.

Gilmore, G (March 9, 2006), How social conscience can benefit a business. The Times (London). p. 63. Retrieved September 25, 2007, from Lexis Nexis.

Goodyear, C (July 27, 2006), Social responsibility has a dollar value. The Age (Melbourne). para. 1. Retrieved September 26, 2007, from Lexis Nexis.

Hooker, A (February 1, 2007), CSR what does it mean to you? Printweek. p. 38. Retrieved September 25, 2007, from Lexis Nexis.

Jardine, A (April 12, 2006), Taking responsibility. Marketing. para. 1. Retrieved September 26, 2007, from Lexis Nexis.

Javits-Wagner-O'Day Act (1994), U.S.C. Section 5, (3) & (4). Retrieved September 27, 2007, from www.abilityone.gov/jwod/library/JWOD_Act.html.

Social responsibility (n.d.), Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Retrieved October 1, 2007, from en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_responsibility

The issue explained (January 24, 2006), The Times (London). SECTION: FEATURES; Public Agenda; p. 8. Retrieved September 26, 2007, from Lexis Nexis.

Summary and Response

EAP 2 Writer's workshop

Name: Sungjun Ha

The title of this article is “Fighting Corruption Is a Global Concern" (October 11, 2005) from Ottawa Citizen(, written by David Zussman. Anti-corruption is hot issue to many countries and international organization. Lately in Beijing the conference on preventing corruption was opened. According to the report in Beijing conference, all kinds of corruption are a global issue which all countries and organization try to prevent with public eye. Especially, many internationally economical organization struggled to get rid of the corruption in public and private sectors. However, the corruption is not only an internationally economical organization's issue anymore. It is the problem that all countries and international organization have to participate in solving. The United Nations is looking at this issue with another view of the corruption. According to the United Nations development plan, the corruption helps the poorest people in the world to get the job or to make the money. In conclusion, many countries know why they have to agree with the anti-corruption. Additionally, in this conference four principles of declining the corruption are established, but in case of Canada these principles are considered as another burden. However, Canada is one of the best countries keeping the anti-corruption because many people, especially congressmen, made regulations against corruptions.; however, we do not know whether all Canadians agree or not.

China has the best technology to break the protection of any software which prevent the software from being copied illegally. In fact, many Korean buy illegal softwares from China because they are not only chief but useful as well. If the MicroSoft company introduce new version of Windows such as Window XP or Vista, they are sold in Korea soon. Moreover, it is not except for hardware. Like this, the corruption is a serious problem in intelligent, high technological society. Accordingly, the corruption must be eliminated because it declines the enhancement of the productive market economy based on full competition, breaks out the fair price of goods and services and violates the human rights.

First of all, the corruption can diminish or remove economical development constantly because it will preventthe enterprise from investing in newtechnological development. If all offices do not buy but copy the MicroSoft Office illegally, MicroSoft company will not sell anymore except for a few its CDs which will become original and will not obtain new capital to invest in developing new versions. Lately, many enterprises try to develop new technologies to produce new goods. Also, the information and intelligences such as consulting or supervision about the company are considered other services. Therefore, the corruption can occurs in wide sectors of the business. Most of CEOs or enterprises struggle to invent new technologies and strategies for more accomplishment. Likewise, this new technologies or goods and services must be prevented from being stolen or being corrupted because they become new capital of the enterprise. For example, if many companies did not improve new technologies or goods and services but only steal or corrupt them of other companies, nobody might be going to prosper in their new technology or Idea. After all, illegally unlimited corruption will cause the economical improvement to be decreased. For example, the Microsoft company make a lot of money from many electronic enterprise like Compaq and Toshiba that are producing personal computers or lap-top computers because these electronic enterprises use the Microsoft Windows in their products. That is to say, the MicroSoft company has a good capital we cannot see and cannot touch. Accordingly, the corruption is the worst strategy for the company to develop new goods and services.

Next, the illegal copy prevent from making fair price. The goods and services are made it by amounts of supply and demand in the market. However, unrestricted corruption causes overabundance of the goods and services and the price falls down. It is an abnormal phenomenon and the company which is corrupted may go bankrupt due to the corruption. For instance, lately many music companies change making music albums into making entertainers. Beatles, Elvis Preslee and Michel Jackson are famous singers in the world; however, recently we cannot find out popular singers. We just see entertainers who sing songs , appear in the movies or dramas and take pictures for Magazines. This is because music albums are not sold anymore owing to internet sites which provide MP3 files or music video files to us illegally and freely. Consequently, all copyrights, trademark, technologies and patents are protected in order to make fair price and to secure constant improvement of new technologies and services.

Finally, the music piracy is one of seriously illegal behaviors interfering individual property. In the capitalism and democracy the human rights are considered with the property right such as trademark right or copyright or patent right as well as right to vote and civil liberties. For example, we must include the references in our articles according to the rules for APA writing because the plagiarism is concerned with one of the crimes in the writing. In other words, all writers regard the citations like quotations and paraphrases as borrowing the knowledge of other people legally. So we have to recognise the importance of the reference. Like this, we do not use other people’s possessions without acceptance or reference since those which you use are not yours. Also, you might make people misunderstand those are yours. That is to say, using citations or paraphrases without references pretends to tell a lie and it is a kind of the crime. Accordingly, the music piracy is a severe crime interfering the personal rights in our society.

In conclusion, the music piracy does not help us to develop new technologies, to pay the fair price and to keep our rights. It is just one of the illegal behaviors. Now, we have to remember this fact forever: the creation will give us become a new property, but the corruption will make us lose all our things. In other words, if we do not purchase music CDs and obtain music files through music piracy, nobody will make music CDs or Music CDs will be expensive. After all, we will not be able to meet great musicians like Beatles and Elvis Preslee or be able to listen to new music through only radio and MTV. So, we must take part in removing music piracy as well as corruptions.

Reference

Zussman, D (October 11, 2005), Fighting Corruption Is Global Concern. Ottawa Citizen. pp. A15

The Wal-mart makes us get various benefits with nice goods and services!

EAP 2 Writers workshop

Name : Sungjun Ha

What would you do if you and your friends watch the final game of world series 2007 at home? Most people may be going to plan to buy some beer and chips from groceries such as Wal-mart. Wal-mart is the closest to us as the representative grocery. However, some people may claim that Wal-mart is harmful for us to consume soundly because of the monopoly in the American circulation market. Otherwise, Wal-mart contributes the Americans to consume rationally. In other words, Wal-mart gives us various financial, social and personal benefits because it has more goods and services than we can count.

First of all, Wal-mart gives us financial and economical benefits because it chiefly sells various commodities we need. In case of the Wal-mart in Carbondale, it has almost commodities and products except for hard drinks, cigarettes and cocaine. Also we do not waste gas to go to various markets if we buy several goods and services at the Wal-mart. Actually, the book store deals with books and magazines, toys are bought in toy stores and the foods are dealt with groceries; However, we do not need to go to varied stores in order to purchase these goods because Wal-mart sells these goods in the same place. Accordingly, we can save money as well as oil due to the Wal-mart.

Next, we may be able to make harmonious family since the Wal-mart gets us go shopping with the family members. Wal-mart can provide many goods and services which are used by everyone from children to old people. So all members of the family can go shoping together. Actually, a wal-mart in Carbondale is visited by more than two people. Moreover, Wal-mart which we can be with families helps us to understand each other among all members of the family. While shopping with the family, parents and children can know what their sons and daughters like and what their parents like. In fact, we can not know any toys which our sons and daughters like unless we go shopping with our children. Therefore, Wal-mart can make us go shopping with the family and help discordant families to improve the relationship of family members.

Finally, Wal-mart lets us get various conveniences in personal, daily life. Wal-mart helps us to consume rationally. Wal-mart not only deals with many goods and services but also shows us various brands of the same kind to compare them easily and rapidly. As a matter of fact, we can see diverse goods in the same kind of commodity. In case of the cola, there are two kinds of cola: Coca cola and Pepsi cola and in case of toothpastes or soap, there are many kinds of them which are made in unknown companies. So we can compare each other at the Wal-mart. Furthermore, Wal-mart helps people, who move somewhere lately, to adapt new town rapidly. Wal-mart has a lot of chains in every town of the United States.

most people cannot help moving other towns from their home town because of many reasons like hunting the job and studying away from home. In this time, they also need many things. Wal-mart gives us obtain these things more easily. In other words, Wal-mart gives people who move to our town lately the convenience to buy somethings they need right now. Consequently, the Wal-mart having a lot of chains in almost towns of the United States lets us get conveniences to compare several goods and services and to adapt new life easily. For example, the students who move to Evergreen Terrace lately can not helped going to the Wal-mart because they needed toilet papers, light bulbs, drinking water and soap or shampoo. So, many new neighbors went shopping to the Wal-mart.

On the contrary, some people may claim that the monopoly of Wal-mart in circulation industry of the United States is very serious problem maintaining the circulation industry soundly since more American consumers are likely to go shopping to the Wal-mart owing to the convenience. However, the trait of circulation industry can not be monopolized by a circulation company because the monopoly occurs when any goods are produced by a producer. In other words, the monopoly in economics means that when the goods is only made by a producer in the market or there is no substitute for it, the provider or producer controls a mount of its supply by itself in order to rise up the price. Accordingly, the monopoly can not exist in the circulation industry because circulation enterprises do not produce the commodities but gather and distribute them between the consumer and the supplier. Therefore, removing small stores in our town because of Wal-mart is a natural phenomenon of the capitalism or liberal market economy. For instance, the Micro Soft producing Window XP may monopolize because it can either makes only one operating system which is available for IBM computers or we have difficulty in looking for the substitute for Window XP. However, Compack making and selling several computers with Window XP can not monopolize since there are many companies which can make the substitutes for computers made in Compack.

In conclusion, Wal-mart helps us to save the money and time, to consume rationally and soundly and to adapt new town of the United States. Many consumers do not need more time and money to buy goods and services that we need because Wal-mart sells almost goods and services which are allowed to merchandise by the law. Additionally, it makes us obtain better goods and services since it gives us the opportunity to compare to each of them certainly. Moreover, we can easily adapt new place owing to the Wal-mart. Similarly, Wal-mart is beneficial to us due to several conveniences.

There is no fair abortion in the world!

Summary response #1
EAP 2 C Writing class
Name : Sungjun Ha

Recently in Brazil, to allow the abortion to be legally is controversial issue. Even though Brazil is known as one of the largest Catholic countries and as one of the nations forbidding abortion without a reasonable cause for it, the Papal cort and the government of Brazil have different opinions about accepting legal abortion because the government of Brazil is likely to amend its criminal law to accept the legal abortion. So, I would like to summarize an article, published by Ekklesia on 11 May 2007 and written by its staff writers, and offer my opinion about it. The title of this article is "Pope rallies Brazil faithful, but president is unmoved on abortion". According to the article, Pope Benedict XVI basically disagrees with Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva, president of Brazil. Lately, the government of Brazil is due to amend the criminal law to enable pregnant women to have an abortion legally. This article states that W.H.O calculated that there were about a million illegal abortions in Brazil in 2006. Because of these illegal abortions, More brazilian women have the serious problem to keeping their health. So the government of Brazil will modify the abortion policy; how ever, the Pope and the Vatican not only dissent it but do their best to put the blocks on legalizing abortion. First the Pope, Benedict XVI, visited Brazil and had a private meeting with president. And then, he addressed many brazilians about disapproving legal abortion through several Catholic conventions such as prayer convention and Latin American bishop’s conference. On the other hand, Jose Gomes Temperao, Health Minister of Brazil, said that religion and politics must be separated and both the Pope and the Vatican had to stop intervening in the debate of the issue. How ever, I consent to banning by the law because it is obviously murder, pregnancy is a kind of bliss from God whether a man and a woman want it or not and legalization of the abortion causes young people to have sex indiscreetly.

First, the abortion is certainly sinful behavior. Although unborn children do not register their births and don't express their emotions to their parents, they feel any emotions like their mothers and have the instinct to live. For example, during a surgical operation to cause abortion, unborn children avoid surgical instruments in order to stay alive in the uterus since they recognize that the instruments will kill them. And from long long time ago to now, many Korean and Chinese pregnant women have been interested in prenatal care which trues to teach unborn children.. They do try not to see bad things, struggle to hear beautiful music, sounds and words like faith, hope or charity and do strive not to behave impolitely because eight mother's feeling, thought and behavior influence on those of an unborn child or thus facts are regarded as a life like existent person. Accordingly, the abortion is not suitable counterplan.

Next, pregnancy is the greatest behavior that the human can do. The Lord give the human particular ability to maintain the human by themselves. It is pregnancy and parturition. All people have the mother and father bearing themselves whether they know who their parents are or not. It is unchangeable law. For instance, please, think about yourself! If your parents did not exist in the world, you wouldn't be able to exist now. And because the greatest person in the world as well as you have just only a biological couple of parents, each individual is as important as person than any other people on the Earth. If you know this fact, you must be concern about unborn children’s as well as born children;s significance. Therefore, prevention of conception rather than abortion is more ethical.

Finally, the acceptance of legal abortion is related to an increase in unmarried sex. Even though the sex between a man and a woman are allowed traditionally when they marry each other, many young people would just enjoy the sex regardless of marrage. In this condition, legal abortion makes young people not consider pregnancies before the sex. And when the woman knows she has the pregnancy, she may decide to have the abortion without the guilty conscience. As a matter of fact, the abortion is sometimes required to save a life-threatened, pregnant women or to recover the normal life of the woman who is assaulted; how ever, this is a special case and is an essential decision in order to protect the woman’s right as a human. Therefore, legal abortion will cause young Brazilians to have more sex rather than protect women's health from illegal abortion.

Now to conclusion, legalizing abortion in Brazil causes Brazilians to have a disturbed conception about the abortion. Even if the pregnancy and childbirth are the greatest luck from the Lord, they are the most momentous roles of the human to maintain our society successively and to keep illegal abortion prevents many young Brazilians from unmarried, distorted sexes, the government of Brazil is trying to legalize the abortion. It is not reasonable, rational solution to protect women's health from illegal abortion. It is just the simplest and the most irresponsible counterplan to threathen women’s health.

Reference

Pope rallies brazil faithful, president is unmoved on abortion. (2007, May 11). Ekklesia. Retrieved on July 13, 2007 from Lexis-Nexis database.

where will the street children in Brazil be taken right now?

EAP2 C 074 class
Research Paper
Name : Sungjun Ha

I. Introduction
Brazil has some problems because of too many young people. Especially, too many children is the most serious problem in Brazil., Even though population of Brazil has so many children, the government of Brazil can not take care of them. In fact, Luiz Inacio Lula de Silva, President of Brazil, talked about his priority policy at the 11th United Nations conference on Trade and Development in San Paulo. “He said that his main objective is to fight hunger and porverty and 32 million children and adolescents live in families with less than 40$ a month”(Soca, 2007, par. 1). So, Many children in Brazil are going out of their home and they cause many social problems to decline the economical potentiality of Brazil. According to Luiz Inacio Lula de Silva’s speech in the conference, the street children of Brazil consist of the child workers, the prostitute and the rioter(Soca, 2007, par. 2).

Accordingly, In the long view, the government of Brazil must try children to enter the public school for constantly economical development in spite of the big financial stress of the government. In other words, the government of Brazil need compulsory education not only to decrease the number of the street children but to preserve their human rights and to enhance the economical potentiality of Brazil as well.

II. Background
Actually, the problem of the street children does not happen lately. It is one of the chronic sociall ills if Brazil(Oliveira, 1995, Par. 1). Especially, the street girls who are prostitutes cause the illegal abortion in Brazil. The government of Brazil definded that the street children are working children, street girls or child rioters.

Working children are the most serious problem of the street children because they are composed of girls and boys and they are working as farmers(soca, 2007, par. 4). Farming is too heavy for children to work but many children can not help participating in such works for their living. Moreover, the children working as the farmers may have grave health problem because children’s bones and muscles are not completely mature(Soca, 2007, Par. 5. So, many government and international organizations for children prohibit the children under 15 or 18 years old to join in heavy labors such as a farmer and a daily worker of the construction because child labor may cause many children to have serious health problems or to be forbidden to go to the school(Human rights watch, 2006, Par. 2 and Par. 3).

Another type of street children is the prostitutes. In this case, we must consider only many girls. According to the article, written by “the Brazilian Center for Childhood and adolescence (CBIA) has recently estimated that there are about 500,000 girls who have turned to prostitution to earn a living. Some of these girls are as young as nine years old”(Oliveira, 1995, Par. 1). Thus condition of girls who turned to prostitution cause the illegal abortion to occur to threaten many pregnant girls as well as such girls to be squeezed sexually or economically by their parents or other adults.

Finally, criminal children are the most dangerous problem of the street children. Especially, the violences by children make other people kill or hurt. And these behaviors are caused by low income of child labor and the social dissatisfaction because they are working in dirty places are given to less than 40$ a month(Soca, 2007, par. 1). Furthermore, they have the criminal histories through the violences. They fight their employers or other colleagues or they may kill other people who join in the violences or fight. The violences of the street children is as serious social problem as the riots of the hooligans at soccer game. According to the article, written by Ricardo Soca, “A government report states that between September and November 2002 a total of 9,555 adolescents were deprived of liberty in Brazil. Of that total, 90 percent were males, 60 percent were black, 51 percent did not attend school, and 49 percent did not work”(Soca, 2007, Par. 13).

III. Main Argument
Now, I would like to suggest to eliminate or reduce these social problems. First, to decline working children is the most important and basic solution to get rid of the street children’s problems because the prostitute girls are one type of the working children and both working children and streetwalking girls have the same motive. Accordingly, we can adopt the same solution to reduce the working children and prostitutes. So, I strongly suggest to establish the compulsory education system for the brazilian children who range from 8 or 19 years old. Especially, high school after elementary school(1-6 or 9 grade) or middle school(7 - 9 grade) has to designate to prepare vocations, besides, many children have to join in working for their family(Deutsche Welle, 2007, Par. 1). Actually, many LDCs have educated job training to high school students. In case of Korean education system, some high schools are called “industrial high school” and they have taught the accountancy, welding, agriculture and hoticulture and so on to the high school students. And they have worked as one of the most essential labors to enhance economical growth in Korea since 1960s. Of course, the government of brazil will not be sure of this educational policy and unpredictable finance is needed to carry out; however, the government of Brazil had better consider this policy detailedly because children participating in labor market or in exploitation despite young age without particular skills must earn the money to live.

Particularly, young girls in the exploitation market more need job training to catch the job and to escape from the prostitution because they are weaker than boys and job training is suitable for many streetwalking girls to have opportunity for work such as hair designer, hand-made worker, accountant and so on. And government of Brazil can designate a few jobs to reservational job for girls. Actually, some countries carry out this policy for the minor group. For example, In the United States, the license for operating vending machine and facility in federal buildings is given only legal blind people. And the government of Brazil may be able to operate sheltered work places for young prostitutes and purchase the commodities which girls make in these work places. It is a kind of procurement.

Finally, violent children are related to other types of the street children because working children and some prostitutes occur to many violences because of fighting between several small groups and unsatisfactions about their income. Since Many street children do not know the public resistances to bother themselves and not to be equally, they are getting more violent. Accordingly, these children need some emotional controlling programs to reduce violences. Especially, the public schools have many programs to help the students to grow well except for making peer groups and collective activities(UNICEF, no year, Par. 2).

However, some people may worry about the financial problem to carry out compulsory education system and job training. Of course, it is true. Nevertheless, the government of Brazil will not able to recover these problems if the government don’t intervene because the compulsory education system need much money to carry out. And this reason is not suitable to disagree to the compulsory education system; besides, the education policy is hard to evaluate the results as well as to assess the efficiency of the execution of the budget. In spite of this fact, many nations spend a lot of budget to execute their education policies. Furthermore, if the government of Brazil carry out this policy to decline the street children, the government not only may reduce the street children but maintain the potentiality of economical development as well. In fact, to enhance and to keep up the potentiality of growth is not as good policy as the education policy.

IV. conclusion
To conclude, the street children is the most serious problem to decrease the potentiality of growth and to prevent the children from growing soundly. Therefore, the government of Brazil will have to establish and to carry out compulsory education system including the special job training for girls in order to hold tack with the growth potentiality and prevent the children from abusing and rioting. Indeed, children who work in heavy labor places are dangerous to grow healthfully because heavy works are harmful to develop normally.

References

Deutsche Welle(March 2rd, 2004) Brazil: Getting Children Back to School, retrieved on August 4st, 2007 from http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,1564,1103646,00.html

Human Rights Watch (2006)Child Labor, Retrieved on July 4st, 2007 from http://hrw.org/children/labor.htm

Oliveira, S (December, 1995) CHILD PROSTITUTION ON THE RISE IN BRAZIL - the International Child Resource Institute. Retrieved on July 21st, 2007 from http://www.pangaea.org/street_children/latin/prost.htm

Soca, R, (2007) Hunger, poverty create breeding-ground for social ills – International Press Service(IPS). Retrieved on July 20th from http://ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=24213

UNICEF (no year) Football helps to reach reach out to poor children in Brazil, Retrieved on August 4st, 2007 from http://www.unicef.org/football/world/brazil.html

Legal abortion is not able to preserve women's rights!

summay response #2

Lately many Brazilians have discussed the legal abortion. Now the abortion is not allowed legally except for two cases designated by the penal code in Brazil. However, Human Rights Watch (HRW) made a report on Brazilian’s abortion. So I am going to summarize an article and argue about it. The article is written by HRW and its title is “Brazil abortion”. That article introduced some statistical data, regulations and activities about the abortion in Brazil. First, the statistical data show that illegal abortion is a very serious problem in Brazil. According to the article, the illegal abortion has an estimated 250,000 women to be harmed; furthermore, it is the fourth leading cause motherly death in Brazil and the illegal abortion occurs to approximately one to four million annually. In fact, most abortions in Brazil happen illegally by the illegal hospitals and unsuitable medical doctors because all pregnant women who want the abortion have the reasonable cause. Designated by criminal law of Brazil. The reasonable cause for legal abortion is only two cases; one of them is the pregnancy by the rape or incest; another case is special condition of the pregnant woman who needs the abortion to save her life. So, many women, some medical doctor groups and some governor have the opinion against the illegal abortion because of the women rights movement to legalize the abortion in Brazil in 2005. That result from these activities is to accept legal abortion in special case. Moreover, in the past, legal abortion required the police report which verified that the pregnant woman is a victim of rape or incest; however, now it is not required. Second, this article deals with history of abortion in Brazil. According to it, all abortions had been illegal in Brazil regardless of any situation since 1890; however, this penal code of Brazil on abortion was modified to waive punishment as regard to two circumstances in 1940. for onething, one circumstance is when the pregnancy originated from an assault; another one is when a pregnant woman is harmed. And in 1979, most kinds of sexual advertisements were banned by presidential decree; in addition, these are still used. Even if the provision of criminal law on abortion was changed, now the Congress of Brazil has some bills to extend or to limit the situations for legal abortion. Moreover, Lula da Silva, one of the presidents of Brazil, strived to research about safe abortion in 2003 and the government of Brazil established a committee, which is composed of several representatives of societies such as the civil society, public official and congress members, for legalization of the abortion in Brazil. Nevertheless, I do not approve of the legalization of abortion for women's rights in Brazil because abortion is not suitable to preserve the women's rights, both the legal and illegal abortion disturb another person's rights.

First, the legalization of abortion is not available to protect women rights. Of course, in Brazil illegal abortion make many women be in harm and some of them happen to die. However, the pregnancy is caused by the sex with her boy friend even though the abortion is not allowed. All kinds of rights mean all kinds of duties. So if the sex with a sexual partner is a kind of human right, the pregnancy is a kind of duty following the sex. Accordingly, the committee for legalization of abortion will seek ways to prevent the pregnancy rather than amend the criminal law on abortion to waive punishment.

Next, abortion deprives a person’s life rather than preserve a pregnant woman who doesn’t want the pregnancy. It is the most important property of the abortion. A behavior has two vital factors which are preserving woman and killing a life. At this time, we need the rational judgment. And the most rational judgment is the situation which the pregnant woman can not avoid. It is defined well in the penal code of Brazil.

However, many Brazilians agree to legalizing the abortion except for the Catholic church and religious Brazilians. Especially, “the administration of Brazil has positive opinion about the legalization of abortion (Instituto Sensus, 2007)”. But in this result from the research, it showed many poor Brazilians to expect to be wealthy. In fact, “Brazil has the eighth largest economy in the world; however, people in Brazil are poor because of overflowing of the population (Population Resource Center, 2004)”. So many Brazilians agree with economical policy of Lula da Silva rather than approve the legalization of abortion. Therefore, Brazilians need more family plan or suitable contraception to develop the economy, rather than using the legal abortion to promote the economical development.

In conclusion, legal abortion is not a counterplan to enhance the women's rights as well as to solve the problem of the population in Brazil. Especially, I think that the administration of Brazil its perpetrating people. As a matter of fact, all people may wish to be rich and may need to earn more money. The administration of Brazil uses this desire for wealth. If the administration of Brazil hopes for people to be rich through the economical development and controlling its population, it will find out suitable contraception, available family planning and reasonable policy for economical promotion.

Reference

Abortion Brazil. (2006) Human Rights Watch, retrieved on July 12rd from the web site of Human rights watch.

Political and Socio-Economic Factors. (2004) Population Resource Center. Retrieved on July 14, 2007 from Population Resource Center’s web site.

President Lula Stays Popular in Brazil. (July first, 2007) Angus Reid Global Monitor. Retrieved on July 14th, 2007 from web site of Angus Reid Global Monitor.

the Ideal Number of a Family is six or eight!

Argumentative Essay

All people might have married and made their own families through out the world. And they have had more or fewer childrenless. Generally people in most developed countries(MDCs) have tendency to have fewer sons and daughters than do less developed countries(LDCs). How ever, it depends not on rational decision but on social, cultural reson. For example, the families living in many African countries have more children than other families living in MDCs have because they need more kids to join in working with parents and to take care of other siblings.. How ever, having too many kids makes it difficult for parents and society to bring them up. Therefore, I insist that the Ideal family is composed of six or eight household members.

First, six household members have to consist of two parents, two daughters and two sons. If a family is composed of eight, this family consists of two grand parents, two parents, two daughters and two sons. It is the most ideal sexual balance to maintain the populations on the Earth. As a matter of fact, some generations have broken down sexual balance in Korea due to the fact that some Korean parents like the son more than the daughter. This social phenomenon occurred in the beginning of the 90s; after a decade year, some sociologists said that some men born in the end of the 80s and the beginning of the 90s would not be able to find out their brides in Korea. Besides, now is more important to what gender children we have than how many kids we have.

Next, two sons and two daughters make them all kinds of relationship within the family. They have the aunt, uncle or mother's sister and brother. To have too few childrenless gives our children to have incomplete family relationships. for example, many Chinese people living in China are not allowed to have more two children a couple of husband and wife to decrease populations by the Chinese government. Moreover, if the first child is the son, his parents can not have second child as Chinese law to control the population in China. So, most young Chinese boys and girls do not have complete family relationships. The family relationship is based on large social relationships because our society consists basically of the family composed of parents and kids. Consequently, all married couples must try to give their children to get all sorts of the family relationship to learn basically social relationship as much as they can.

on the contrast, some people claim that a couple of married people must have fewer than two children because of increasing overabundant population in the world; how ever, it is not a problem any more in this centry. recently, several population census showed that superfluity of the population is regional problem in places such as Bangladesh and Brazil. preferably Japan and Many European countries worry about downsizing their populations. In fact, many European countries such as France, Sweden and Netherland have less than 2% birth rate per a woman. Accordingly, most families do not need to worry about increasing the population when their family plans are established..

In the conclusion, we have to consider how many children we have or how many children ideal number is rather than how big population is. So I suggest that the ideal family should consist of two boys and two girls. It is the best way to maintain the number of the population in the world and to preserve gender balance between men and women. Furthermore, our offsprings would get all kinds of the family relationships such as aunt and uncle, mother’s sister and her husband and so on.